Of course, in all these cases changing some letters into uppercase and adding numbers between the actual words even increases the security (for example, The7Qui0Bro1Fox2Jum3Ove4The5Laz6Dog). You can also, for example, take the first letter of every word from a longer phrase that you know well: skwklbfhkskppp (the Soft kitty song lyrics). For example, you can make a safer password from the quick brown fox… sentence: thequibrofoxjumovethelazdog (although it still contains several dictionary words, which is not optimal). For example, kapaċi niekol ħġieġ għax ma tweġġanix could be considered a very strong password.Īnother interesting technique for creating secure passwords is using just the first couple of letters from each word to form a long password that is based on a real sentence. Those who know obscure languages have it even easier because most dictionary attacks are based on English vocabulary and several other popular world languages. For example, you can use a passphrase such as bargle zaws gubble meh brudda dulgly. Luckily, dictionary attacks are also very easy to avoid if you use fake words that are easy to memorize because of the way they sound. On the other hand, a passphrase with exactly the same letters: vromjon tobki huhet qecar dzowyf xup selg, would be nearly impossible to crack. For example, a password the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog would be cracked by a dictionary attack almost instantly. However, there is also a cyberattack technique called dictionary attacks, which basically means password guessing based on commonly used words. If password cracking were only based on the brute-force method (trying every single possible combination), password length would be the best way to practically make attacks impossible. You can clearly see, that it’s the length of the password that really matters, not the complexity. Therefore, adding just one lowercase character to a lowercase password increases its complexity not three but 26 times. But a two-letter password based on just lowercase characters has 262 = 676 entropy. For a one-letter password, this means that adding the extra characters increases the complexity threefold. With special characters, it depends on which characters are allowed, but let us say it becomes 70. If you add uppercase characters and digits, it becomes 62. If you use only lowercase characters, L=26. The formula for password entropy is log2(RL), where R is the number of unique characters and L is the length of the password. On the other hand, if you enter a 16-character password that uses only lowercase letters, the result is 224 million years. If you enter an 8-character password with numbers, uppercase/lowercase, and special characters in How Secure Is My Password, it says that a computer could break your password in 9 hours. Several websites exist, where you can check how long it would take to break your password using a brute-force attack. It’s best to set the minimum length to at least 16 characters, allow for spaces, and introduce no length limit. However, this policy is actually quite weak and should not be recommended. For example, a complex password may be required to contain at least 8 characters, uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters. The most common password policy enforced by administrators, both in the case of web applications as well as other systems, is a length and complexity policy. Here’s how you can make sure that sensitive data in your web application is not compromised by malicious hackers due to insecure user passwords. There are several ways to increase password security but they are often not adopted by users and administrators. Weak passwords and password reuse are still some of the most serious concerns for cybersecurity.
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